Step 1: the day
Days run from 1 to 31, so you only need numerals up to XXXI. The first ten are worth knowing by heart:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | X |
From 11 to 31 you put X, XX or XXX in front: 14 is X + IV = XIV, 29 is XX + IX = XXIX, 31 is XXXI. A leading zero disappears: the 5th is V, not "0V".
Step 2: the month
Months are 1 to 12, I to XII. January is I, April is IV (not IIII), September is IX and December is XII. Use the month's number, never its name.
Step 3: the year
Write the year in full, from left to right: thousands, hundreds, tens, units.
- 2026 = MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6) = MMXXVI
- 2027 = MMXXVII
- 2030 = MMXXX
The year is where most mistakes hide. 2019 is MMXIX, not MMXVIIII; 2024 is MMXXIV, not MMXXIIII.
Put the parts in order
The order depends on where you are. The Unicode CLDR, the shared database of locale conventions, records the short date pattern of each locale: US English puts the month first, British English puts the day first (CLDR). For a date where the day and the month differ, that changes the result:
- 4 July 2026 in the US: VII.IV.MMXXVI
- 4 July 2026 in the UK: IV.VII.MMXXVI
If the people reading it are in different countries, the international standard avoids the question. ISO 8601 writes dates from the largest unit to the smallest, year-month-day (ISO): MMXXVI-VII-IV.
Choose a separator
Dots are the most common choice, but middle dots and hyphens work too:
- XI.XI.MMXXVI
- XI·XI·MMXXVI
- XI-XI-MMXXVI
Whatever you pick, use it between all three parts. Without a separator, XIXIMMXXVI can't be read back.
Three slips to avoid
- Writing the year with two digits. '26 becomes XXVI, which reads as the number 26. Always write MMXXVI.
- Repeating a symbol four times. IIII for April or XXXX for 40 breaks the rules; the validator will flag it.
- Copying the digit 1 instead of the letter I. MMXXV1 looks right on a screen but isn't a Roman numeral.
When you'll need it
Today's date in Roman numerals tends to end up on an invitation, a caption, a school exercise or the first page of a notebook. For anything permanent, such as an engraving or a tattoo, read the guide to dates in Roman numerals first: it has a checklist and the date order for more countries.
Convert today's dateEnter the date, pick the order and the separator, and copy the result.Open the toolSources
- Date/Time Patterns. Unicode CLDR
- ISO 8601: international standard for date and time format. ISO